DK-2100 Copenhagen Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, male (per 100,000 male population) Total alcohol consumption per capita, female (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, female 15+ years of . This study shows the longitudinal growth, the demographic composition, the distribution across urbanrural regions and working settings, and the distribution inequality of the Chinese nurse workforce using the national data over 20032018. Please enable JavaScript to see this interactive data visualization. As for the urbanrural distribution of nurses in China, the criteria used in the datasets for dividing urban and rural areas before 2010 were different from those for the recent years, therefore, we used the data from 2010 to 2018 for analysis. Employees under 35 years were accounted for 60.3% of the total nurses in 2018. Meanwhile, we also compared nurses vs physician workforce in China (table 1). This study is the first to report trends, composition and distribution of the Chinese nurse workforce over 20032018. Interestingly, the top four are Scandinavian countries: Norway, Denmark, Switzerland, and Iceland. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. There is no "right" nurse to population ratio since nurses represent Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. Source of data: Ministry of Health - D.G. Department of Population and Employment Statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics . The total number of nurses increased from 1.3 million to 4.1 million and the density increased from 1 to 2.94 per 1000 population over 20032018. More rankings: Africa | Asia | Central America & the Caribbean | Europe | Middle East | North America | Oceania | South America | World |. Frequency and proportion were used to demonstrate: (1) the longitudinal growth of nurse workforce; (2) the diversity of nurse workforce in gender, age, work experience and education level; and (3) the distribution of nurse workforce among provinces, ruralurban areas and hospital/community settings. Understanding the nurse workforce trends, composition and distribution of supply is crucial for building an effective healthcare system. PMC 2023 Mar 28;23(1):296. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09278-x. Number of Nurses/Midwives in the world: 17,548,75. : +45 45 33 70 00 Estimates of the numbers and density of the nurses/midwives (health workforce) refer to the active nurses/midwives - i.e. All rights reserved. Austria has 5.1 doctors for every 1000 people. Licenses: All visualizations, data, and articles produced by Our World in Data are open access under the Creative Commons BY license. Organizational culture and barriers to change in University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Cardiac Unit. We sorted the number of nurses per 1000 population in each province from small to large, using the cumulative population percentage as the abscissa and using the cumulative percentage of nurses as the ordinate to draw the Lorenz curve of the distribution of nurses across the country by population. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Monitoring health systems allows the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of different health system models to be compared. Bookshelf FOIA The number of Chinese nurse workforce in 2017 (3.8 million) accounted for 18% of the nurse workforce in the world (20.7 million), and this number increased to 4.1 million in 2018. | See: GUID:119F86B6-7558-4389-B9B9-F2ACCCF27094, GUID:226D071C-1FF4-48E2-8B91-73A0CBC4C76A. Our World in Data is free and accessible for everyone. HL, SJ and MW collected the data. 188. Only 1.3% of the world's health workers care for people who experience 25% of the global disease burden. Net official development assistance to medical research and basic health sectors. SLE. However, there are some limitations to the study. However, the ratio of nurses to physicians is still not adequately balanced compared with many developed and low/middle-income countries worldwide.1 Given that, along with an increasingly severe ageing population and frequent epidemic challenges, it is vital to adopt effective policies attracting more talents to enter nursing practice. World Nurses/Midwives Density: 28 per 10,000 population. Clin Nephrol. In recent years, the support of national policies, and the increase in specialist nurses training programmes and bases increased the social recognition and attractiveness of nursing positions. The data show that there were large differences between urban and rural areas. Received 2020 Nov 25; Accepted 2021 Sep 22. Under that circumstance, with the development of medical science and reform of the healthcare system, the composition of nursing education has made corresponding changes. Change of nurse distribution across settings in China from 2010 to 2018. To evaluate health systems, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended that key components - such as financing, service delivery, workforce, governance, and information - be monitored using several key indicators. In: Deepening the medical and health systemt reform. Help us do this work by making a donation. There are 57 countries with a critical shortage of healthcare workers, a deficit of 2.4 million doctors and nurses. In figure 2, the growth rates of the nurse workforce reveal three segments: an initial period of growth (20032006), a rapid growth period (20072013) and a period of stable growth (20142018). The .gov means its official. All these estimates are well below the WHO threshold of 44.5 doctor, nurses and midwives per 10,000 population. Map disclaimer: The inclusion of any map (including the depiction of any boundaries therein), or of any geographic or locational reference, does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of BMJ concerning the legal status of any country, territory, jurisdiction or area or of its authorities. Figure 4 shows that the provinces in the northeastern and western regions had a relatively low density of the nurse workforce, whereas provinces in the central and eastern regions tended to have a high nurse per capital supply. The nurses to physician ratio changed from 0.65:1 to 1.14:1. Some nurse composition data are inadequately updated before 2005, and the data collection methods have been constantly modified and updated in the national surveys. Health system data also help identify weaknesses and strengths and areas that need investment, such as additional health facilities, better health information systems, or better trained human resources. Concerns about shortages of health professionals are not new in OECD countries, but these concerns have grown in many countries, especially as the "baby-boom" generation of doctors and nurses starts to retire. Accessibility sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Epub 2005 Jan 21. Effects of nurse staffing and nurse education on patient deaths in hospitals with different nurse work environments, Effects of nurse staffing, work environments, and education on patient mortality: an observational study, Registered nurses returning to school for a bachelors degree in nursing: issues emerging from a meta-analysis of the research, A United States perspective on the challenges in nursing education, Diversity and education of the nursing workforce 2006-2016, Size, composition and distribution of human resource for health in India: new estimates using national sample survey and registry data. By 2021, it had fallen to 2.5 per 1,000 population, with just 689,308 . 2014. Source of data: Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equity - Observatory of Major Persons. However, for some countries (France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Turkey and the United States), due to lack of comparable data, the figures correspond to "professionally active" nurses, including nurses working in the health sector as managers . 2008 Nov;13(11):1357-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02176.x. Disclaimer. The Gini coefficient and between-provincial Theil index experienced a consistent decline. National nursing development plan (2016-2020, Statistical Communique of the Peoples Republic of China on the 2019 National Economic and Social Development, Measuring health workforce inequalities: methods and application to China and India. Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people) - OECD members from The World Bank: Data . Source of data: Central Statistical Office (KSH), Yearbook Of Welfare Statistics. Accessibility World Health Organization HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Loss of health professionals from sub-Saharan Africa: the pivotal role of the UK. Potential strategies include providing financial advising, academic advising, and open access to programmes (eg, flexible schedules and/or online courses).37 38 Also, a higher education expectation and supportive approaches from the employer may motivate nurses to continue their education.37 39, The nurse workforce is lack of diversity and unequally distributed across China. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Source: World Health Organization's Global Health Workforce Statistics, OECD, supplemented by country data. Click here, Population estimates and projections was updated on July 1, 2023, World Development Indicators was updated on June 29, 2023, Adjusted Net Savings was updated on June 8, 2023, Global Economic Prospects was updated on June 6, 2023. Annual statistical report N1. Description: The map below shows how Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people) varies by country. !. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, Change of nurse and physician workforce from 2003 to 2018. Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people) - Indonesia from The World Bank: Data. Development Relevance: The WHO estimates that at least 2.5 medical staff (physicians, nurses and midwives) per 1,000 people are needed to provide adequate coverage with primary care interventions (WHO, World Health Report 2006). Our World in Data is free and accessible for everyone. This study will provide epidemiological evidence for policy-making, healthcare administration, education and further research to strengthen the nurse workforce. Supplemental material: This content has been supplied by the author(s). Definition: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses. Source of data: Social Services Board of the Ministry of Welfare of the Republic of Latvia and the, Source of data: Statistics Lithuania, Health Information Centre of Institute of Hygiene, data of, Source of data: Inspection Generale de la Securite Sociale, Cellule d'evaluation et d'orientation de, Source of data: Department of Elderly and Community care and Department of Institutional Health. Oceania . Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire. South Africa and the Surgical Diaspora-A Hub for Surgical Migration and Training. Source of data: National Institute of Statistics. of Health Information System - Office of Statistics. See: . Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, male (per 100,000 male population) Total alcohol consumption per capita, female (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, female 15+ years . This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. Within-province inequality accounted for overall inequality has risen from 52.38% in 2010 to 71.43% in 2018 suggested that the differences of distribution are mainly reflected in urban and rural areas. Copyright RIKEN, Japan. 02 to 4.4 per 1000 population (or from 1 to 227 and 1-50,000 population), and nurses from 0.03 to 16.4 (or from 1 to 61 and 1-33, 000 population). At the end of 2018, the number of nurses reached over four million, which is 2.2 times more than that in 2003. Health statistics don?t contain such data. Asia Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses. Chinese nurse workforce has been changed significantly in the past 15 years that may be associated with the reformations of policy, nursing education in China. It has been estimated however, in the World Health Report 2006, that countries with fewer than 23 physicians, nurses and midwives per 10 000 population generally fail to achieve adequate . Nurses can work in medical facilities such as clinics, hospitals, surgery centers, residences, hospitals, and nursing homes. Limitations and Exceptions: The WHO compiles data from household and labor force surveys, censuses, and administrative records. The SDG agenda gives recognition to Universal Health Coverage as key to achieving all other health targets. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the The darker the shade, the higher the value. Nursing and elderly home beds per 100 000 Indicator code: E992712.T This indicator shares the definition with the parent indicator \"Number of nursing and elderly home beds\". | Health system data also help identify weaknesses and strengths and areas that need investment, such as additional health facilities, better health information systems, or better trained human resources. 2005 May 28-Jun 3;365(9474):1893-900. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66623-8. As the effective inequality scales, the Gini coefficient and Theil index were calculated to measure the inequality of nurse workforce distribution in China. In 2010, there were more than 3 nurses per 1000 population in urban areas, while there was less than 1 nurse per 1000 population among rural areas. This study analysed the public data from the China Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbooks (CHFPSY) and China Statistical Yearbooks (CSY), illustrating the current nurse workforce and trends of over 2003 to 2018 in China. Their numbers range from around 16.3 to almost 18 nurses and midwives for every 1,000 people. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001789. Lavoie-Tremblay M, O'Brien-Pallas L, Glinas C, et al.. health policy, medical education & training, organisation of health services, human resource management, Global nurse shortages-the facts, the impact and action for change. We used frequency and proportion to describe the composition and distributions of the nurse workforce throughout 20032018. Can we get your feedback? The WHO compiles data from household and labor force surveys, censuses, and administrative records. supplemented by country data. In particular, the degree of ageing is showing an unbalanced trend. Data comparability is limited by differences in definitions and training of medical personnel varies. Definition: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses. Central America & the Caribbean Information Gateway, Indicator full name: The site is secure. The .gov means its official. Contributors: HL and LH are joint first authors. The darker the shade, the higher the value. Excel software was used to merge, manage and analyse the data. Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China . 22 The Chinese nurses per 1000 population were 2.94 in 2018, exceeding the minimum standard set by WHO (2 nurses per 1000 populations) and some developing countries . Female nurses dominate and males (2.3 %) remain largely underrepresented in the nursing profession in China, in comparison with the proportion of male nurses in the USA (9.6%) and the UK (10.7%), which may be related to different cultures and efforts to increase the gender diversity in nursing.28 29 Meanwhile, our finding shows that along with the increased proportion of male nurses, the nurse workforce in China is slowly becoming more diverse over time. All other material, including data produced by third parties and made available by Our World in Data, is subject to the license terms from the original third-party authors. World Change of the proportion of male nurses from 2005 to 2018. FOIA See also: Thematic map, Time series comparison, More rankings: Development Relevance: The WHO estimates that at least 2.5 medical staff (physicians, nurses and midwives) per 1,000 people are needed to provide adequate coverage with primary care interventions (WHO, World Health Report 2006). Sorry for the inconvenience, the support team is already notified about this issue.